Home network security

Home Network Security

In today's world, cybersecurity has become more important than ever. From banking data, medical records, utility bills, to student electronic diaries, almost everything is stored online. The ubiquity and ease of use of the Internet come with unprecedented risks. Cyber threats pose a real danger, and it is crucial to protect ourselves against them.

Cybersecurity is the protection of digital assets, such as smartphones, PCs/laptops, smart devices like smartwatches, refrigerators, etc., from threats originating from the Internet. By applying proper protection and knowledge, we can safeguard data and prevent unauthorized access, reducing the risk that our personal data, finances, photos, and other digital assets will be stolen and misused.

Threats come in various forms, from hacking to malware, most commonly phishing emails. An email that looks like it comes from a trusted source, such as a bank or gas provider, or phone calls from unknown numbers are threats to be aware of.

Cybercriminals are constantly looking for our weak points to gain access to personal data, financial accounts, and other private information. Therefore, it is essential to take appropriate steps to protect ourselves from them.

It is important to understand the basics of cybersecurity and know where potential threats may be in our home. These include:

- Computer
- Internet
- Home network
- Smartphone, smartwatch
- Gaming console
- Television
- Other electronic devices connected to the home internet network, such as smart refrigerators

In other words, all devices that have access to the Internet and communicate independently, often without us knowing or checking what data they share and with whom.

Several important actions should be taken to help defend ourselves and make it harder for cybercriminals to access our data.

First, ensure network security by protecting systems and programs using available, often built-in firewalls.

Second, prevent unauthorized access and protect our data through encryption, enabling access control, and introducing physical protection elements such as lockable or encrypted cabinets.

Third, ensure the security of applications, which often have security vulnerabilities. Do not download data from untrusted, unknown, or unauthorized sources. Limit the data shared in them and the permissions granted. It is also good practice to scan downloaded applications.

Fourth, secure endpoints, i.e., devices that connect to the network and exchange data with it, such as smartphones, computers, tablets, etc. Ensure that unknown devices cannot connect by using, for example, MAC address restrictions. Use strong encryption protocols and complex passwords.

Fifth, create backups of files (documents, photos, etc.) on an external hard drive or cloud storage. This will protect data in case of a hacker attack, device failure, or accidental data deletion. If possible, follow the 3-2-1 rule. Make *3* backups, stored in *2* different locations, with *1* kept outside the IT system, e.g., on DVDs or tapes.

Sixth, secure the network. Change the default password on the router. Ensure it is unique and complex, consisting of at least a dozen characters or a series of random words, e.g., 5, and special characters. You can use a password manager to generate and remember them.

Seventh, use antivirus software and a firewall.

Antivirus Software and Firewall

Antivirus software and a firewall are important elements in securing your home network, computers, phones, etc. They may not protect you 100%, but they reduce the risk, and through heuristic analysis, they can prevent infections from new types of viruses and other threats.

Eighth, Update Your Router

Regularly check if your router is running the latest software—perform updates and install patches recommended by the manufacturer.

Ninth, Limit Remote Access

Disable remote access on a daily basis, which allows hackers to access the network and move freely across devices without being detected. Enable it only when you actually need to use it. This also helps limit the use of computer resources.

Tenth, Enable Two-Factor Authentication

Two-factor authentication (2FA) is an additional security mechanism for online accounts. Besides the basic login (username and password), you need to provide a PIN code sent to you by the service provider via SMS or generated by an app on your phone. This way, obtaining your password and username alone is not enough to log into the online service.

Cyber Hygiene: Good Practices for Every Household Member

- Use original software
- Use antivirus programs
- Update software on your computer, laptop, tablet, phone
- Change passwords
- Use strong passwords
- When using public Wi-Fi, use secure websites, and if unsure about security, use a VPN

Continuous Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity is an ongoing process of monitoring the latest threats and protections. This issue affects everyone who has access to the Internet, from small households to large corporations. With proper protection, knowledge, and adherence to safe Internet practices, we can secure our home network and more from cyberattacks.

2024.

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